Why Spain Drives on the Right

by Car Registrations Spain

When driving on Spain’s roads today, it’s easy to overlook that traffic once moved in the opposite direction on these very same streets.

A Glimpse into History

Nowadays, in Europe, only the UK, Ireland, and Malta maintain left-hand driving, but historically, left-hand traffic was the norm across much of the world, including Spain. This practice can be traced back to medieval times when knights preferred to keep their right arm (which held their weapon) closer to the center of the road for combat readiness.

The Influence of France

Napoleon Bonaparte, the famed French leader, played a significant role in promoting right-hand traffic throughout Europe. As his armies advanced across the continent in the early 19th century, they introduced right-hand traffic in the territories they conquered, aiming to streamline military movements and maintain control.

Spain’s Transition

Spain’s move from left-hand to right-hand traffic happened relatively recently. The autonomous community of Cataluña was an early adopter, shifting to right-hand traffic in the early 1920s, while Madrid continued with left-hand traffic for several more years. However, on October 1, 1924, a royal decree was issued that mandated right-hand traffic across the entire nation.

Other Recent Switches in Europe

Several European countries also made the switch to right-hand traffic in the 20th century:

Poland: Adopted right-hand traffic in 1922, prior to which there was no standardized rule.

Italy: Transitioned to right-hand traffic during the 1920s without prior consistent regulation.

Portugal: Made the switch in 1928.

Liechtenstein: Changed to right-hand traffic due to its close ties with neighboring countries.

Austria: Transitioned gradually between 1938 and 1939, starting with Vienna, following the Nazi annexation.

Czechoslovakia: (now the Czech Republic and Slovakia) moved to right-hand traffic under Nazi influence.

Sweden: Switched from left-hand to right-hand traffic in September 1967 to reduce accidents with vehicles from neighboring countries. The change is known as “Dagen H,” marked by a large public awareness campaign.

Iceland: Adopted right-hand traffic in 1968, a year after Sweden, with many drivers previously using right-hand drive vehicles on the left side.

Driving Direction: A Reflection of History

The side of the road a country drives on is more than just a practical decision; it’s a window into its history, culture, and sometimes strategic choices. As you travel European roads, it’s fascinating to consider the historical paths that have shaped the driving conventions we now take for granted. Drive safely!